Abstract
During what is a relatively barren time for new therapies for cystic fibrosis (CF), azithromycin has received a lot of attention as a potential treatment for CF lung disease. Laboratory studies suggest that azithromycin may have indirect actions, including anti-inflammatory, in addition to the standard antibacterial properties. The unique pharmacokinetics of azithromycin sets it aside from other macrolide antibiotics, but may result in increased resistance patterns. Three well-designed randomised controlled trials have demonstrated a small but significant improvement in respiratory function (forced expiratory volume in one second) with azithromycin compared with placebo. These trial results are confirmed by a recent meta-analysis. Mild adverse events (wheeze, diarrhoea and nausea) were significantly increased in one trial. There is no clear consensus regarding the correct dose and length of treatment with azithromycin. The present review discusses the role of azithromycin in the management of cystic fibrosis and the need for close monitoring of patients started on this drug. In addition, clinics should liaise closely with their microbiology departments and monitor resistance patterns.
Highlights
Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic, which is a subclass of the macrolide family [9]
Active treatment of lung infection is a cornerstone of cystic fibrosis (CF) management [1]
Azithromycin has been enthusiastically embraced by many centres across the world as a potentially important and relatively inexpensive treatment for CF lung disease
Summary
Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic, which is a subclass of the macrolide family [9]. Change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) over the course of the study period was the primary outcome measure in each trial, though different methods were used to analyse these data (table 1). At both 1 and 6 months, the weighted mean difference in relative change of FEV1 is significantly in favour of azithromycin
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
