Azimuthal asymmetries as the probe of nuclear matter at EIC

Abstract

We study the nuclear dependence of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) and azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive DIS off polarized nuclear targets. Multiple gluon interactions which generate gauge links in the operator definitions of PDFs also induce nuclear effects. The general Gaussian-type broadening effects on TMD PDFs suppress azimuthal asymmetries for eA SIDIS relative to that of eN case, with suppression factors expressed by the jet transport coefficient $\hat q$. We study nuclear effects on various azimuthal asymmetries, and calculate the suppression factor with $\hat q$ extracted from literature. The numeric results will be helpful for the experimental study of nuclear partonic structure from Semi-inclusive DIS at future EIC.