Abstract
Functionalized reverse phase silica gel and thermoresponsive hydrogels were synthesized as heterogeneous catalysts supports. Cu(i) and Cu(ii) catalysts immobilized onto two types of supports were prepared and characterized. The copper catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition was performed in water via a one-pot reaction and yielded good results. These catalysts are air stable and reusable over multiple uses.
Highlights
Copper catalysts immobilized onto reverse phase silica gel Synthesis and characterization
Cu(I) and Cu(II) catalysts immobilized onto reverse phase silica gel were synthesized; the preparation methods are outlined in Scheme 1
Copper loading values on the catalysts were determined via inductively coupled plasma (ICP); the results showed the loading values to be 0.498 mmol g1 of Cu(I)@IPSi and
Summary
Triazole is a very useful motif within the elds of medicinal chemistry,[1,2,3,4] carbohydrate chemistry,[5,6,7] and materials science.[8,9,10,11,12] Triazole has been studied as a strong ligand for metal coordination with wide applicability.[13,14,15,16] The thermal. The other one is a thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-4-vinylpyridine) (pNIPAM-VP) exhibiting hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity depending on temperature. These properties make it possible to use water as a solvent for organic reactions. These solid supports were applied to the syntheses of Pd, Au immobilized heterogeneous catalysts and organic reactions such as hydrogenations,[53] Suzuki–Miyaura couplings,[54,55] Heck–Mizoroki couplings,[56] Sonogashira couplings,[56] Tsuji–Trost reactions,[57] and A-3 coupling reactions[58] that were performed in water. The copper catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition was performed in water
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