Abstract
Aim: Azelaic acid (AzA), a comedolytic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory anti-melanogenic agent, prescribed against acne vulgaris is safe on skin. Its combination with another widely used anti-acne agent, tea tree oil (EO) whose delivery is limited by volatility, instability and lipophilicity constraints was attempted. Method: Solvent injection was used to prepare AzA-EO integrated ethosomes. Result: Ethosomes were transformed into carbopol hydrogel, which exhibited pseudo-plastic properties with appreciable firmness, work of shear, stickiness and work of adhesion. The hydrogel showed better permeation and retention characteristics vis-a-vis commercial formulation (AzidermTM), when evaluated in Wistar rat skin. Further, ethosome hydrogel composite was better tolerated with no side effects. Conclusion: The findings suggests that the aforementioned strategy could be a potential treatment used for acne management.
Highlights
We demonstrated its antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. acnes
It was observed that% EE of Azelaic acid (AzA) in ethanolic vesicle (EV) formulations was high, this could be ascribed to high lipid amount, and solubility of AzA in ethanol, which enabled entrapment of the drug inside vesicles
At 15% PL concentrations, it was noted that increase in ethanol content up to 20% w/w resulted in the decrease in vesicle size, followed by an increase
Summary
Azelaic acid (AzA), a comedolytic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory anti-melanogenic agent, prescribed against acne vulgaris is safe on skin
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