Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.)’nin in vitro Organogenezi Üzerine Etilen İnhibitörleri Olarak AgNO3 ve CoCl2’nin Uyarıcı Etkisi

Abstract

To achieve an effective and reliable shoot organogenesis protocol in Helianthus annuus L., effect of ethylene inhibitors including AgNO3 and CoCl2 were investigated. Cotyledonary explants of two cultivars including CMS19 and Progress were cultured in MS medium with 2.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.0 mg L-1 IAA supplemented with different concentrations of AgNO3 (0, 1.5 and 3 mg L-1) and CoCl2 (3 and 6 mg L-1). Statistical analysis of data showed a significant difference among cultivars and ethylene inhibitors concentrations for organogenesis parameters including shoot regeneration and number of shoots per explant. Addition of ethylene inhibitors to culture medium improved regeneration frequency and number of shoots per explant. Shoot generation was improved with increasing concentrations of CoCl2 but in the case of AgNO3, increasing the concentration gave adverse results. Treatment of explants with AgNO3 in low concentration (1.5 mg L-1) improved organogenesis in Helianthus annuus. The highest shoot regeneration was obtained in media supplemented with 6 mg L-1 CoCl2 (R/E= 63% and S/RE= 3) and 1.5 mg L-1 AgNO3 (R/E= 73% and S/RE= 2).This study suggests that ethylene inhibitors, particularly CoCl2, could be used to improve the efficiency of in vitro shoot regeneration and plant transformation protocols of sunflower. Key words: Cotyledon, Silver nitrate