Ay Işığında Tütün Seremonisi - Osmanlı Kırsalında Tütün Kullanımının Kanıtları: Aziz Nikolaos Kilisesi Kazıları Lüle ve Nargile Buluntuları

Abstract

The subject matter of this study comprises the clay tobacco pipes and water pipes found in the course of the Saint Nicholas excavations in Demre County of Antalya Province. Tobacco pipes and water pipes were found during the excavations conducted around the church and Greek Cemetery, in the Otto­man layer. The tobacco pipes were examined typologi­cally and chronologically; categorized as “lily-shaped pipes”, “disk-based pipes” and “cylindrical-based pipes”; and some individual types are introduced. The tobacco pipe findings include a few examples dating from the 17th, 18th centuries and later examples from the 19th – 20th centuries. The water pipes were not categorized typologically being in few number; but are significant being rare finds. As it is known, studies concerning tobacco pipes in Turkey are generally for archeological evaluations. Demre was evaluated as an example repre­sent­ing tobacco use in countryside during the Ottoman period with the archeological and literature data pre­sented in this paper. This study intends to show the socio-cultural meanings of tobacco use through associ­at­ing tobacco pipes and water pipes, forming a part of Ottoman material culture, with the societies these arte­facts belong to; and to evaluate the tobacco ceremony in Ottoman society in respect to social and symbolic aspects of the tobacco habit, identity, gender and status