Axisymmetric gravity-capillary standing waves on the surface of a fluid

Abstract

We conduct an experimental study of axisymmetric gravity-capillary standing waves generated by a vertically vibrating ring on a fluid surface. Different regimes of standing waves are highlighted at the basin center: linear, nonlinear, and ejection regimes. For moderate forcing, the spatial profile of standing waves breaks the up-down symmetry as predicted by a third-order nonlinear theory, whereas for stronger forcing, the maximum height reached by the axisymmetric gravity-wave crest, at the basin center, is found to increase linearly with its wavelength, as a consequence of the saturation of its steepness.