Abstract
The axiomatization of physical theories is a fundamental issue of science. The first-order axiomatic system SpecRel for special relativity proposed recently by Andréka et al. is not enough to explain all the main results in the theory, including the twin paradox and energy-mass relation. In this paper, from a four-dimensional space-time perspective, we introduce the concepts of world-line, proper time and four-momentum to our axiomatic system SpecRel+. Then we introduce an axiom of mass (AxMass) and take four-momentum conservation as an axiom (AxCFM) in SpecRel+. It turns out that the twin paradox and energy-mass relation can be derived from SpecRel+ logically. Hence, as an extension of SpecRel, SpecRel+ is a suitable first-order axiomatic system to describe the kinematics and dynamics of special relativity.
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