Axiological Aspects of Functioning of Vocational Education on the Territory of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic in the 1920s

Abstract

The development of the modern system of vocational education in Ukraine requires a thorough and comprehensive analysis and rethinking, including the axiological point of view, of the existing historical and pedagogical experience of vocational education in Ukraine in different socio-political conditions and ideological approaches. This article aims to consider one aspect of this issue, in which the axiological aspects of the functioning of vocational education in the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR) in the 1920s are revealed.The article analyzes the influence of socially dominant values on the formation and development of the vocational education system of the USSR in the 20s of the twentieth century. It is described how changes in socially dominant values are reflected in the existing educational system and how they cause changes and transformation of it.The analysis of the functioning of vocational education in the USSR in the 1920s showed that this period is characterized by significant axiological and structural transformations of the vocational education system.It is established that in the 1920s, the vocational education system of the Ukrainian SSR clearly showed the depletion of the liberal system of values, which was largely replaced by the Bolsheviks’ values and ideals. There is a frank ideologization of education and its applicants. One of the main tasks of vocational education of that time was the Bolshevik-socialist education of the youth.It is concluded that the ideological influence of the political system on the values of contemporary vocational education and the resulting transformation processes had a significantly negative impact on it, especially in the system of higher vocational education. However, even such ideological and largely profane, professional education was considered a significant value by the representatives of the peasantry and the proletariat at that time since it provided them with the opportunity for rapid career growth.