Abstract
Euryodendron excelsum H. T. Chang is a single-type, rare and endangered woody plant unique to China. In this study, young stems were used as explants and cultured on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with 5.0 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA), were subcultured for more than 15 times over a total of more than 3 years and finally an efficient axillary shoot proliferation and plantlet regeneration system was established in which one shoot could proliferate an average of 5.1 axillary shoots every 2 months on the medium supplemented with 5.0 μM BA and 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Shoots rooted at a moderate frequencies (50.1%) on agarized WPM supplemented with 0.5 μM NAA but 100% of shoots rooted in agar-free vermiculite-based WPM after culture for 2 months. Plantlets, when transplanted to peat soil: vermiculite (1:1), showed the highest 95.1% survival within 1 month.
Highlights
When cuttings (12 cm long with [6,7] nodes) of axillary shoots from 2-year-old E. excelsum were dipped in a solution of an auxin, or optimal rooting agent that contained 100 mg/L of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), survival rate and rooting rate were only 20% and 16%, r espectively[19]
When epicotyl and stem sections were used as explants for in vitro culture, few axillary shoot buds were induced, the highest shoot proliferation coefficient (SPC; number of new shoots/number of old shoots) was only 1.83 after subculture every 2 months for 2 years
When BA and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) are combined in the Woody Plant Medium (WPM), the SPC seemed improve to some extent, but overall, there is no significant differences
Summary
Population surveys of the species have found that E. excelsum is mainly distributed in rural areas with frequent human activities, unlike most other rare and endangered plants that are distributed in forest areas, so it is directly exposed to human activities[7,8]. E. excelsum has been listed as a National Protected Endangered Plant and is classified as an extremely small s pecies[10,11]. The protection of E. excelsum depends mainly on efforts by local protection measures that promote the reproduction and renewal of natural populations. E. excelsum axillary shoots were successively subcultured over more than 3 years to achieve an efficient shoot proliferation and rooting for the first time for this rare and critically endangered endemic Chinese tree species, laying down a solid foundation for its protection and sensible utilization
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