Axially symmetric equilibrium regions of Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker universes

Abstract

The study of the matching of stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes with Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) spacetimes preserving the axial symmetry is presented. We show, in particular, that any orthogonally transitive stationary and axisymmetric region in FLRW must be static, irrespective of the matter content. Therefore, previous results on static regions in FLRW cosmologies apply. As a result, the only stationary and axisymmetric vacuum region that can be matched to a (non-static) FLRW spacetime is a spherically symmetric region of Schwarzschild. This constitutes another uniqueness result for the Einstein–Straus model (as well as its Oppenheimer–Snyder counterpart), and hence another indication of its unsuitability as an answer to the influence of the cosmic expansion on local physics.