Abstract
An in-fiber axial micro-strain sensor based on a Few Mode Fiber Bragg Grating (FM-FBG) is proposed and experimentally characterized. This FM-FBG is in inscribed in a multi-layer few-mode fiber (ML-FMF), and could acquire the change of the axial strain along fibers, which depends on the transmission dips. On account of the distinct dual-mode property, a good stability of this sensor is realized. The two transmission dips could have the different sensing behaviors. Both the propagation characteristics and operation principle of such a sensor are demonstrated in detail. High sensitivity of the FM-FBG, ~4 pm/με and ~4.5 pm/με within the range of 0 με - 1456 με, is experimentally achieved. FM-FBGs could be easily scattered along one fiber. So this sensor may have a great potential of being used in sensor networks.
Highlights
In recent years, in-fiber strain sensors based on Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have been paid more attention in monitoring the axial micro-strain, and their unique advantages show a high degree of accuracy, fast response, high immunity to electromagnetic interference, long-range operation capability, low cost and easy to manufacture [1]
This Few Mode Fiber Bragg Grating (FM-FBG) is in inscribed in a multi-layer few-mode fiber (ML-FMF), and could acquire the change of the axial strain along fibers, which depends on the transmission dips
Compared with the traditional temperature sensing scheme, the strain FBG sensor based on a dual mode multi-layer few-mode fiber (ML-FMF) in this paper takes into account the well characteristics of simple structure and well sensitivity
Summary
In-fiber strain sensors based on Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have been paid more attention in monitoring the axial micro-strain, and their unique advantages show a high degree of accuracy, fast response, high immunity to electromagnetic interference, long-range operation capability, low cost and easy to manufacture [1]. The sensing principle of the FBG sensor is based on the demodulation of the reflection spectra in response to strain [2] [3], temperature [4] [5], surrounding refractive indexes (SRI), pressure [6] [7], acceleration [8], and tilt angle [9]. It has already been widely utilized in FBG sensors, application scenarios ranging from strain, temperature, solution concentration and refractive index [10]-[15]. Compared with the traditional temperature sensing scheme, the strain FBG sensor based on a dual mode multi-layer few-mode fiber (ML-FMF) in this paper takes into account the well characteristics of simple structure and well sensitivity. The propagation characteristic and operation principle of this advanced sensor is introduced meticulously
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