Abstract

 
 
 
 Armor-piercing ammunition is primarily used to combat against heavy armored targets (tanks), but targets can be light armored vehicles, aircraft, warehouse, structures, etc. It has been shown that the most effective type of anti-tank ammunition in the world is the APFSDS ammunition (Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot). The APFSDS projectile flies to the target and with his kinetic energy acts on the target, that is, penetrates through armor and disables the tank and his crew. Since the projectile destroys target with his kinetic energy, then it is necessary for the projectile to have the high impact velocity.
 The decrease in the velocity of a projectile, during flight, is mainly influenced by aerodynamic forces. The most dominant is the axial force due to the laid trajectory of the projectile. By knowing the axial force (axial force coefficient), it is possible to predict the impact velocity of the projectile, by external ballistic calculation, in function of the distance of the target, and to define the maximum effective range from the aspect of terminal ballistics.
 In this paper two models will be presented for predicting axial force (the axial force coefficient) of an APFSDS projectile after discarding sabot. The first model is defined in STANAG 4655 Ed.1. This model is used to predict the axial force coefficient for all types of conventional projectiles. The second model for predicting the axial force coefficient of an APFSDS projectile, which is presented in the paper, is the CFD-model (Computed Fluid Dynamics).
 
 
 
Highlights
Ammunition based on the use of kinetic energy (KE) penetrates through targets primarily with the energy of a projectile body or sub-projectile, which is made of high-density metal
A representative of modern kinetic energy ammunition, which is mostly used today in armies around the world, is APFSDS ammunition (Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot), which is made of an alloy of tungsten or depleted uranium [1]
For prediction of the accuracy of the engineering model and CFD numerical model, a comparison was made in the research with the PRODAS model
Summary
Ammunition based on the use of kinetic energy (KE) penetrates through targets primarily with the energy of a projectile body or sub-projectile (penetrator), which is made of high-density metal. Experimental methods determine aerodynamic coefficients in an air (aero) tunnel or on the basis of measuring the movement of a projectile in flight (as a material point or a rigid body). This method gives the most realistic values for the axial force coefficient; the disadvantages of the tunnel experiment are [5]: high price, scaling problems if the model is not life-size, interference from tunnel walls, measurement difficulties. Advanced CFD codes numerically solve Navier-Stokes equations and can show the complete flow field around an object for specific flight conditions With these methods, problems arise in determining the boundary conditions, because the initial conditions must be defined with great accuracy [5]. Where C is axial force coefficient of projectile body and C is axial force coefficient of fins
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