Abstract

Axial compression performance of concrete columns reinforced with 2304 solid stainless bars and spirals, carbon steel bars and spirals, and 316 L stainless steel clad bars is examined after the columns are exposed to severe corrosion. Two groups of columns were investigated: a control group, and a group submerged in a 5.0% by weight chloride solution subjected to accelerated corrosion. A relatively high impressed current density of 8.5 μA/mm2 was used and after 60 days of accelerated corrosion the columns were tested to failure under axial compression. In terms of mass loss per unit of corrosion energy, columns reinforced with stainless steel spirals and either solid stainless or stainless clad vertical bars were 197% more corrosion resistant than carbon steel. Bars made with 2304 solid stainless steel and 316 L stainless clad materials developed localized pitting corrosion that led to degradation of the concrete cover and a larger drop in axial compression than carbon steel reinforced columns. However, the carbon steel reinforced columns reached lower failure displacements and a corroded carbon steel reinforced column was the only column to experience sudden failure prior to reaching its theoretical maximum axial compression capacity. Axial compression capacity of the columns in both the control and corroded conditions was modeled using concrete confinement models that produced good agreement with the experimental results.

Highlights

  • Concrete structures reinforced with conventional carbon steel are susceptible to corrosion

  • This research applies to areas where concrete structures face severe deterioration due to corrosion of reinforcement, such as: (1) areas where the service-environment for concrete structures near seawater is characterized by adverse climatic conditions, namely severe salinity and high temperaturehumidity; and (2) areas where anti-icing and de-icing brines used during harsh winter seasons cause premature degradation of the highway infrastructure

  • This research aims to show whether 316 L stainless clad reinforcing bars could provide similar corrosion resistance as 2304 solid stainless bars in concrete columns exposed to aggressive environments

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Summary

Introduction

Concrete structures reinforced with conventional carbon steel are susceptible to corrosion. To mitigate or control corrosion, stainless steel bars, stainless. Reinforcement with a carbon steel core and outer austenitic stainless steel cladding and stainless steel with a dual-phase austenitic and ferritic microstructure, is reported to resist corrosion better than carbon steel or epoxy coated carbon steel bars [1]. Another option for corrosion-resistant reinforcement is 2304 solid stainless steel (alloy including 23% chromium and 4% nickel); this material is reported to have higher corrosion resistance than carbon steel and lower cost than stainless steel bars. Similar performance has been reported regarding stainless clad bars and solid stainless bars; stainless clad bars with 0.25 mm to 0.8 mm thick 316 L austenitic stainless steel cladding have been reported as providing the best performance [3]

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