Abstract
BackgroundThe awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus (DM) can effectively reflect on the social status of diabetes conditions. Although several researchers have investigated the awareness, treatment and control rates of diabetes mellitus in China, little is known about their association with risk factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between risk factors and awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus in northeast China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2012. Multistage stratified random cluster sampling design was used to select participants aged 18 to 79 years old. The analysis was based on a representative sample of 1,854 adult subjects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine socio-demographic factors associated with the levels of awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus.ResultsThe awareness, treatment, and control rates of diabetes mellitus were 64.1%, 52.9% and 44.2%, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, family history of diabetes was significantly positively associated with awareness (OR, 2.145; 95% CI, 1.600–2.875) and treatment (OR, 2.021; 95% CI, 1.559–2.619) of diabetes mellitus, while negatively associated with control (OR, 0.671; 95% CI, 0.529–0.951). Cigarette smokers and alcohol drinkers were less likely than non-smokers and non-drinkers to be aware of their blood glucose levels (OR, 0.895, 0.614; 95% CI, 0.659–1.216, 0.446–0.844, respectively). Participants who frequently exercise were more likely to be aware of their diabetic conditions than people who never or rarely exercise (OR, 2.003; 95% CI, 1.513–2.651).ConclusionsWe found that the awareness and treatment of diabetes mellitus were positively associated with age and were high in participants with a family history of diabetes and those who exercise frequently, but low for cigarette smokers and alcohol drinkers. Participants with a family history of diabetes had their diabetic condition poorly controlled.
Highlights
With rapid economic development, population ageing and urbanization, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an important medical problem in most countries [1,2,3]
People with a family history of diabetes (73.0% vs. 60.5%, P,0.001) were more likely to be aware of their diabetic conditions and to be treated with anti-diabetic medications than those without the family history (61.4% vs. 49.4%, P,0.001), but the percentage of control was significantly higher in those having no family history of diabetes compared to those having family history (47.6% vs. 37.5%, P = 0.005)
We found that participants with family history of diabetes were more likely than other members of the diabetes group to be aware of their blood glucose levels and take their anti-diabetic medications
Summary
Population ageing and urbanization, DM has become an important medical problem in most countries [1,2,3]. DM has become a heavy economic burden for every country. It is estimated that the age-standardized prevalence of total DM in China is 9.7% (10.6% among men and 8.8% among women) [7]. China critically needs government-initiated primary prevention measures for DM, which focuses on the risk factors of the awareness, treatment and control. Several researchers have investigated the awareness, treatment and control rates of diabetes mellitus in China, little is known about their association with risk factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between risk factors and awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus in northeast China
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