Abstract
Background: the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, is increasing rapidly in developing countries. This study aims to assess the awareness of CMD among a selected population in Vietnam. Method: a cross-sectional random sample of 402 Vietnamese citizens in two districts (Thu Duc and 12th district) in Ho Chi Minh City were interviewed. Data on knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior (KAB) of the two conditions were collected through an interview-based questionnaire. Results: the mean (± SD) age was 47.75 (± 15.61) years, and around 60.2% were female. Multiple logistic regression was performed to explore the association of sociodemographic factors, disease status, and awareness of the CMD. Females showed better awareness than males (OR = 3.89 (1.28–11.78)), and those with T2DM and hypertension had a significantly better awareness (OR = 8.33 (2.44–28.37)) than those without CMD. Conclusion: the awareness of CMD in our sample was poor. An extensive effort to increase awareness of CMD prevention is needed. Future studies and interventions can be developed more efficiently by targeting the right population.
Highlights
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is described as the combination of many disorders, of which cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most crucial components
Further examining the factors associated with the specific domains of awareness, age was found to be positively associated with attitude and behavior, female gender was associated with better knowledge, and having both CMD conditions was associated with better knowledge and awareness
Our finding of poor awareness of CMD was similar to previous studies, which showed low awareness of type 2 DM (T2DM) in a region of Northern Vietnam, and low awareness of hypertension at a national level [7,26]
Summary
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is described as the combination of many disorders, of which cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most crucial components. In 2019, CVDs were responsible for 17.9 million deaths, estimated to be the number one cause of death globally [1]. DM was ranked as the eighth leading cause of death in 2019, responsible for 4.2 million deaths [2,3]. Health Organization (WHO) estimation in 2020, there were 1.13 billion adults over the world who live with hypertension. Less than one out of five hypertensive patients are under proper control, leading hypertension to become one of the major causes of premature death worldwide [4]. The majority of CMD risk factors are highly modifiable, especially hypertension and type 2 DM (T2DM) [5,6].
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