Awareness on obstetric fistula and associated factors among women health development army, in the South Gondar zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia: A cross sectional study.

Abstract

Obstetric fistula is a severe birth injury that profoundly impacts women's health, social well-being, economic stability, and psychological state. While it can be prevented with timely emergency obstetric care, a significant barrier in many developing regions, including the study area, is the lack of awareness among women. This study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness about obstetric fistula and the factors influencing it among the Women Health Development Army in the South Gondar zone of the Amhara region, Ethiopia, in 2020. A community-based cross-sectional study was done from July to December 2020, involving 633 women. Participants were selected using a multistage stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested, interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data entry was performed using EpiData version 3.1, and analysis was conducted with SPSS version 23.0. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify influencing factors, with a p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. This study found that 55.3% (95% CI, 51.6%-57.2%) of study participants had a good awareness of obstetrics fistula. Significantly associated factors include; no history of ANC (AOR = 0.52: 95% CI, 0.31, 0.86), living >30 min away from a health facility (AOR = 0.43: 95% CI, 0.23, 0.81), no history of abortion (AOR = 0.37: 95% CI, 0.19, 0.72), Injectable and implant users (AOR = 3.60: 95% CI, 1.98, 6.53), having four to six pregnancy (AOR = 1.87: 95% CI, 1.22, 2.87) and lack of communication material in the house (AOR = 0.19: 95% CI, 0.10, 0.37). This study found that 55.3% of women have a good awareness of obstetrics fistula. ANC follow-up history, abortion history, type of family planning, type of communication, number of pregnancies, availability of health facility, and distance of health facility were significantly associated with awareness of obstetric fistula. Hence, local and national efforts should be made to enhance access to information at home and basic maternal health services including antenatal care.