Awareness of users and motivational factors for using new psychoactive substances in Belgium

Sarah Simonis,Tina Van Havere,Michaël Canfyn,Lies Gremeaux,Eric Deconinck,Anton Van Dijck,Peter Blanckaert

doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00393-0

Abstract

BackgroundFew data on motivations for using new psychoactive substances (NPS) are available. However, the cost, the legal status, and their accessibility through channels like internet contributed to the popularity of NPS. The objective of this article are first to gain a deeper understanding of the culture surrounding NPS in Belgium and second to define the awareness of the users concerning the content of the NPS they are consuming.MethodsSnowball sampling and partners in the drug demand reduction field were used as a gateway in order to reach a heterogeneous study population. In total, 45 users were recruited and in-depth interviews were conducted. The personal experiences of NPS users and their needs for support along the continuum of care were explored through an interview guideline, while subjects were given the opportunity to deposit a NPS sample for forensic analysis in a recognized laboratory.ResultsA diversity of profiles was found among NPS users but also a wide diversity in the motives to consume NPS: personal reasons such as pleasure, mind exploration, being connected to others, or out of curiosity, but also external reasons such as price, accessibility or the specific effects procured by certain NPS. The results showed as well that a majority of NPS users seem to be aware of the substances they are using.ConclusionUnderstanding the motivations of use is of importance to determine which type of NPS targeted interventions are adapted to different profiles of users.

Highlights

Few data on motivations for using new psychoactive substances (NPS) are available
Based on a new measurement tool, called the new psychoactive substance use motives measures (NPSMM), five intrinsic motivational factors: enhancement, social, conformity, coping, and expansion have been developed in order to gain a better understanding of the motives to use NPS
Description of participants Most NPS users (82%) recruited in this study were between 25-45 years, with an average of 33.47 years and are predominantly men (69 %) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Few data on motivations for using new psychoactive substances (NPS) are available. the cost, the legal status, and their accessibility through channels like internet contributed to the popularity of NPS. The fast-evolving nature of the drug market and especially the new psychoactive substances (NPS) phenomenon is reflected in the large number of substances being produced, distributed, marketed, and detected [1,2,3,4]. The use of dissociatives is linked to coping motives, with associated factors such as stress, anxiety, and a higher frequency of use. These motivational factors tend to be variable depending on the different groups of users [16]

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Conclusion