Awareness of Facemask and its Usage in the Rural Community of Western Maharashtra during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Survey

Abstract

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by 2019 novel coronavirus was first reported in Wuhan, China. It is a disease of the respiratory system with clinical presentation of fever, cough, breathlessness, headache, fatigue etc. Transmission route is through person to person contact and through direct contact with respiratory droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes. In such cases usage of facemasks is very crucial. At the same time awareness regarding the same in the community is very important. Hence, through this survey authors have assessed and recorded the awareness about facemasks and its usage in the community in the Indian population along with the basic hygiene precautions taken by the people. Aim: To conduct a detailed survey regarding the awareness and usage of facemask in the rural population in Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: The study was a three month cross- sectional online survey conducted by Maharashtra Academy of Engineering Education and Research’s (MAEER’s) Talegaon Dabhade Physiotherapy College in the rural community of western Maharashtra, India, from October to December 2020. A self-administered online questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was prepared regarding the awareness about masks usage and proper methods to be considered with reference to the guidelines given by World Health Organisation (WHO), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention and literature reviews. The forms were shared on social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram using Google forms. Statistical analysis was done by descriptive analysis using percentage. Results: Out of total 390 participants, 210 (53.84%) were males and 180 (46.15%) were females. Considering the knowledge about the types of masks available was 67.1%, self-education was 88%. A 44% of the population thinks that one can wear a facemask up to eight hours if worn properly. Similarly knowledge about disinfecting the mask before throwing was 86%. Active efforts to maintain good hygiene by washing hands was 90%. Also, 55% of the population avoids touching their mask frequently. In practice, 56.1% of the population avoids wearing a mask while walking or jogging. Varieties of masks are being used by the people depending on the cost and availability. Conclusion: The coronavirus pandemic has evoked a sense of awareness about self-care, hygienic habits and being updated about one’s health. Further work can be done on cost effectiveness and availability of the good quality masks.