Avoiding pitfalls in mastering sound intensity measurements

Abstract

Sound or acoustic intensity measurements yield results that were previously impractical or, in some cases, not feasible to obtain from measurements of sound‐pressure level. Unfortunately, these techniques are also more sophisticated and present more opportunities to get erroneous results. Errors of 10 dB and more are not uncommon, nor is it rare to obtain irrelevant data. Because intensity is measured indirectly, these errors are often not obvious. To get results sufficiently close for engineering purposes, a considerable investment in instrumentation, education, and practice is required. This paper suggests how to begin the process of mastering intensity technology, including suggestions for initial reference materials. A series of experiments is suggested not only to develop proficiency, but to verify validity of the results determined. Examples are given to illustrate limitations of intensity techniques.