Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Symptoms Are Not as Frequent as Other Eating Disorder Symptoms When Ulcerative Colitis Is in Remission.

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that up to 53% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] screen positive for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder [ARFID]. There is however concern that ARFID screening rates are over-inflated in patients with active disease. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of ARFID symptoms using the Nine Item ARFID Screen [NIAS], and to use another eating disorder measure, the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 8 [EDE-Q8], to rule-out/characterise other eating disorder cognitive and behavioural symptoms. Participants included adults with UC who are enrolled in an ongoing cohort study with quiescent UC (Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index [SCCAI] ≤2 or faecal calprotectin <150 µg/g with corticosteroid-free clinical remission for ≥3 months) at baseline. We used self-reported data on demographics, gastrointestinal medications, medical comorbidities, NIAS scores, and EDE-Q-8 scores. We included 101 participants who completed the NIAS at their baseline cohort assessment [age 49.9 ± 16.5 years; 55% female]. Eleven participants [11%] screened positively for ARFID on at least one NIAS subscale [n = 8 male]. Up to 30 participants [30%] screened positive for other eating disorder symptoms [EDE-Q-8 Global ≥2.3]. Overall score distributions on the EDE-Q-8 showed that participants scored highest on the Weight Concern and Shape Concern subscales. Among adults with UC in remission, we found a low rate of ARFID symptoms by the NIAS but a high rate of positive screens for other eating disorder symptoms.