Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) are involved in a variety of biological processes such as blood clotting, angiogenesis, immune system, and embryogenesis. Although, of these, SERPINB12 is identified as the latest member of clade B in humans, little is known of it in chickens. Thus, in this study, we investigated SERPINB12 expression profiles in various tissues of chickens and focused on effects of steroid hormone regulation of its expression. In the chicken oviduct, SERPINB12 mRNA and protein are abundant in the luminal (LE) and glandular (GE) epithelia of the magnum in response to endogenous or exogenous estrogen. Furthermore, SERPINB12 mRNA and protein increase significantly in GE of cancerous ovaries of laying hens with epithelia-derived ovarian cancer. Collectively, these results indicate that SERPINB12 is a novel estrogen-stimulated gene that is up-regulated by estrogen in epithelial cells of the chicken oviduct and that it is a potential biomarker for early detection of ovarian carcinomas in laying hens and women.
Highlights
The chicken oviduct is well known as an excellent model for basic mechanisms of organogenesis during developmental events
Results of our previous studies indicate that estrogen-stimulated genes such as AHCYL1, AvBD11, A2M, CTNNB1, ERBB1, PTN, SERPINB3, SERPINB11, and SPP1 are involved in development of the chicken oviduct due to their activation of various regulatory mechanisms that are mediated via diverse trans-activating transcription factors and complex actions of estrogen to effect physiological changes [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]
There was high expression of SERPINB12 mRNA in the oviduct of female chickens and in liver and kidney from males. These results are very similar to a previous report that SERPINB12 is detected in many adult and fetal tissues of humans [18]. These results suggest that SERPINB12 plays an important role(s) in various organs
Summary
The chicken oviduct is well known as an excellent model for basic mechanisms of organogenesis during developmental events. The chicken oviduct is very suitable for investigating morphological and physiological effects on development and differentiation of reproductive tissues and organs of vertebrates in response to sex steroid hormones [3]. Estrogen is the primary sex steroid hormone that plays pivotal roles in cell survival and proliferation, synthesis and secretion of egg white proteins and formation and differentiation of tubular glands in the developing oviduct of laying hens [4]. Results of our previous studies indicate that estrogen-stimulated genes such as AHCYL1, AvBD11, A2M, CTNNB1, ERBB1, PTN, SERPINB3, SERPINB11, and SPP1 are involved in development of the chicken oviduct due to their activation of various regulatory mechanisms that are mediated via diverse trans-activating transcription factors and complex actions of estrogen to effect physiological changes [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. Identification and characterization of additional genes to elucidate mechanisms responsible for development of the chicken oviduct is clearly warranted
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