Abstract
Avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis, often referred to as parrot wasting disease, is associated with a newly discovered avian virus from the taxonomic family Bornaviridae. Research regarding the pathogenesis and treatment for this disease is ongoing, with implications for understanding other emerging human and nonhuman diseases, as well as the health and ecology of wildlife. At this time, numerous questions remain unanswered regarding the transmission of the disease, best practices for diagnostic sampling and testing, and whether currently used drug therapies are effective or harmful for afflicted birds. The pathogenesis of the disease also remains unclear with many birds showing resistance to the effects of the virus and being able to remain clinically unaffected for years, while other birds succumb to its effects. New research findings regarding avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis are discussed and important as yet unanswered questions are identified.
Highlights
There have been major advances in our understanding of avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis (ABG), sometimes called parrot wasting disease, including research about its causes, transmission, diagnostic testing, and treatment with implications for human medicine and the veterinary care of other animal species
It was previously referred to as proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) because symptoms can involve gastrointestinal crisis; the disease is understood to have more extensive nervous system involvement, so it is more often referred to as avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis (ABG). ere is new evidence of a similar condition referred to as avian ganglioneuritis (AG), depending on whether the animal tests positive for the bornaviruses
Some researchers have suggested that the interstitial cells of Cajal that control muscular movements in the digestive system are likely to be involved as the target of avian bornaviruses [2]
Summary
There have been major advances in our understanding of avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis (ABG), sometimes called parrot wasting disease, including research about its causes, transmission, diagnostic testing, and treatment with implications for human medicine and the veterinary care of other animal species. It was previously referred to as proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) because symptoms can involve gastrointestinal crisis; the disease is understood to have more extensive nervous system involvement, so it is more often referred to as avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis (ABG). Ere is new evidence of a similar condition referred to as avian ganglioneuritis (AG), depending on whether the animal tests positive for the bornaviruses. Advances in our knowledge about the treatment and prevention of viral diseases such as the avian bornaviruses have important implications for veterinary practices, as well as the global ecology and the potential spread of zoonotic diseases
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