Abstract
The publication, based on archival and published materials, presents the activities of a distinguished scientist, mechanical engineer, Spaniard by origin, lieutenant general in the Russian service Augustine Augustinovich Betancourt as Chief Director of the Ways of Communication of the Russian Empire in 1819-1822. Augustine de Betancourt was an inspector (rector) of the Institute of Communications Engineers, a member of the Council of The Corps of Engineers of The Ways of Communication, and the Chief Specialist on transport infrastructure development in Russia. His observations, solutions, proposals, initiatives were distinguished by practicality, systemicity, strategic approach to transport development problems. Unfortunately, a number of innovative ideas of A. Betancourt did not receive support and, strangely enough, remains relevant after two hundred years.
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