Averaging principle for quasi-geostrophic motion under rapidly oscillating forcing

Abstract

A class of large scale geophysical fluid flows are modelled by the quasigeostrophic equation. An averaging principle for quasi-geostrophic motion under rapidly oscil-lating (non-autonomous) forcing was obtained, both on finite but large time intervals and on the entire time axis. This includes comparison estimate, stability estimate, and convergence result between quasi-geostrophic motions and its averaged motions. Furthermore, the existence of almost periodic quasi-geostrophic motions and attractor convergence were also investigated.