Average Descent Rate Singular Value Decomposition and Two-Dimensional Residual Neural Network for Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery

Abstract

Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery is difficult under the strong noisy environment. Although singular value decomposition (SVD) can remove noise from vibration signals, the singular value threshold is normally determined by expert experience. To solve this problem, a fault diagnosis method based on average descent rate (ADR)-SVD and two-dimensional residual neural network (Resnet) is proposed. First, ADR-SVD uses the ADR index to construct the singular value descent rate difference spectrum and uses the maximum value of the spectrum as the singular value threshold. The noise reduction process of ADR-SVD requires little expert experience. Then, in order to adaptively identify the fault features of the signals, we introduce Gramian angular difference field (GADF), which can transform the one-dimensional signals into two-dimensional images and preserve the temporal correlation of the one-dimensional signals. Finally, we construct a two-dimensional Resnet to learn image features and identify fault types. The proposed method is tested on Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing dataset, Driveline Dynamic Simulator (DDS) gearbox dataset, and University of Connecticut (UoC) gearbox dataset under the strong noisy environment, which achieves the accuracies of 98.00%, 99.00%, and 98.88%, respectively. The accuracies of other deep learning methods and singular value difference spectrum method are below 95%. The comparisons show that the proposed method has better noise reduction effect and can diagnose the fault type more accurately.