Abstract
Mast cells play a crucial role in allergic diseases via the release of inflammatory mediators, particularly histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Avenanthramide (Avn) C, a polyphenol found mainly in oats, is known to exhibit various biological properties. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Avn C from germinated oats against mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. For the in vitro study, RBL-2H3, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells and rat peritoneal mast cells were used. Avn C (1–100 nM) inhibited the immunoglobulin (Ig)E-stimulated mast cells degranulation by suppressing phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and phospholipase Cγ1 and decreasing intracellular calcium levels. It inhibited IgE-stimulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines via suppression of FcεRI-mediated signaling proteins Lyn, Syk, Akt, and nuclear factor-κB. To verify the effects of Avn C in vivo, ovalbumin-induced active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) models were used. Oral administration of Avn C dose-dependently attenuated the ASA reactions, as evidenced by the inhibition of hypothermia and reduction of elevated serum histamine, IgE, and interleukin-4 levels. Avn C also inhibited the PCA reactions, such as ear swelling and plasma extravasation. Our results suggested that Avn C from germinated oats might be a possible therapeutic candidate for mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation.
Highlights
Allergic diseases are very common with continuously increasing prevalence, where they affect 20% of the world’s population[1]
These are followed by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, leading to degranulation of mast cells and secretion of inflammatory cytokines[7]
Our study aimed to investigate the anti-allergic inflammatory properties of Avn C isolated from germinated oats on mast cells
Summary
Allergic diseases are very common with continuously increasing prevalence, where they affect 20% of the world’s population[1]. Phosphorylation of PLCγ results in production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) as secondary messengers, which leads to the release of intracellular calcium[5,6] These are followed by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, leading to degranulation of mast cells and secretion of inflammatory cytokines[7]. Avn C showed the high bioactivity and anti-oxidant effects by inhibiting the growth of colon cancer cells and preventing DNA damage[13,23,24] It decreased the viability of tumour cells by activating apoptosis in breast cancer[25]. Our study aimed to investigate the anti-allergic inflammatory properties of Avn C isolated from germinated oats on mast cells
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