Avaliação do implante de pericárdio homólogo no recobrimento de anel vaginal de equino por laparoscopia

Abstract

SPAGNOLO, J.D. Use of homologous pericardium for laparoscopic vaginal ring closure in horses. [Avaliacao do implante de pericardio homologo no recobrimento do anel vaginal de equinos por laparoscopia.]. 2010. 83 f. Dissertacao (Mestrado em Ciencias) – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2010. The inguinal hernias affect mainly equine males, being classified as direct or indirect and congenital or acquired. The use of laparoscopy for vaginal ring closure allows the fixation of implants and peritoneal flaps to recover the vaginal canal. The biological membranes employed like flap tissue present advantages such as low cost, easy storage, mild reaction tissue, complete incorporation, elasticity and resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the homologous pericardium implanted at equine vaginal ring, carried out by mechanical or manual laparoscopic suture during and after a period of 11 weeks. Six males Mangalarga breed horses between three and 12 years old were used. They underwent general anesthesia, positioned in Trendelenburg with elevation of 25 o of the pelvic region. Five laparoscopic portals were created, one being in the umbilical scar for the entry of the laparoscope and two in each hemi-abdomen for access of the laparoscopic instruments. On each horse two pericardium implants measuring 4 x 5 cm were attached at the vaginal ring regions. In one of the rings the fixation was carried out through manual suture and the contra lateral using mechanical suture. The surgical time, complications, costs, efficiency, inflammatory response and healing were evaluated. The time to carry out the manual suture was 4,7 times longer (P> 0,05) than the mechanical suture. The time for manual suture execution was 40 % of the total time spent for the surgical and anesthetic procedures. However, the manual suture presented better anchorage and stability of the implant when compared with the mechanical fixation. The fixation with intracorporeal staples increased the total cost of the procedure in 50 % when compared to the manual suture. All the implants were covered and incorporated by scar tissue presenting whitish color, without graft definition. Six implants attached by manual suture remained at the place with adequate occlusion of the vaginal ring, and in two of them epiplon adhesions was visualized and in other one a synechia was identified between the inguinal scar and the large colon. In two of six implants attached by mechanical suture, partial dehiscence was occurred, as a result of implant migration and incomplete occlusion of the vaginal ring. An epiplon adhesion was observed in the implant attached by intracorporeal staple. The peritoneal fluid presented changes in color (reddish), aspect (turbidity) and cellularity with significant difference (P> 0, 05), being basically neutrophils. These changes reduced gradually up to the normal values at the fourth week. In the histological evaluation of the implants attached using both types of sutures the aspects were similar presenting healing in remodeling phase with moderate mononuclear cells infiltration, mild neovascularization and intense fibroplasia. The use of homologous pericardium for equine vaginal ring covering, attached by laparoscopic suture, manual or mechanical, provided satisfactory occlusion of the vaginal ring with advantage for the manual suture relative to efficiency and cost and for the mechanical suture relative to reduced surgical time. Key word: Equine. Inguinal hernia. Laparoscopy.