Abstract
The main aspects of dissolved and particulate loads dynamic behavior in a small catchment of reforested eucalyptus were evaluated for two rainfall events of 28 and 25 mm before and after clear cutting. For the dissolved load, cations and anions varied inversely with the discharge, showing mechanisms of dilution, but with significant inputs before high discharges. The comparison between distribution concentrations curves with their theoretical dilution models revealed predominance of diffuse inputs, but with significant contribution of fertilization treatments, cases of K+, Cl- and SO42-, mainly after clear cutting. The fluvial particulate load, represented by suspended particulate matter (SPM), showed a positive relationship with discharges, with greater concentrations in higher flow rates for both periods. The relationship between MPS concentrations and discharges showed differences in the dynamics of remobilization and sedimentation processes influenced by precipitation, saturated soils conditions and hydrological regimes. Specific flows of MPS were approximately 2330.1 and 2121.1 g km-2 h-1, before and after clear cutting, respectively, indicating a major effect of the eucalyptus planted area on mechanical erosion.
Highlights
Dynamic behavior evaluation of the fluvial dissolved and particulate loads in a small catchment reforested with eucalyptus
The main aspects of dissolved and particulate loads dynamic behavior in a small catchment of reforested eucalyptus were evaluated for two rainfall events of 28 and 25 mm before and after clear cutting
The relationship between material particulado em suspensão (MPS) concentrations and discharges showed differences in the dynamics of remobilization and sedimentation processes influenced by precipitation, saturated soils conditions and hydrological regimes
Summary
As florestas homogêneas para exploração de madeira na indústria de papel e celulose vêm aumentando substancialmente no país nas últimas décadas, sendo o Brasil hoje o maior produtor mundial de celulose de eucalipto, com área plantada de mais 3 milhões de hectares (Carvalho et al, 2012). Todos esses fatos apresentados evidenciam a importância de estudos de eventos chuvosos isolados em microbacias de drenagem com características agrícolas permitindo, de forma mais detalhada, observar as variações dos comportamentos das espécies químicas dissolvidas e do material particulado em suspensão em todas as fases da hidrógrafa. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a dinâmica da carga dissolvida e particulada em uma microbacia reflorestada com eucaliptos, sob influência de dois eventos chuvosos respectivos de 28 e 25 mm, antes e depois do corte da madeira, por intermédio da aplicação de alguns modelos hidrogeoquímicos como o estudo variabilidade temporal, relações entre concentrações e vazões e estimativa dos fluxos instantâneos em todas as fases dos hidrogramas unitários gerados
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