Avaliação da qualidade do ar em duas estações do metrô de São Paulo

Abstract

Fujii, RK. Air quality evaluation in two stations of the Sao Paulo Subway. Sao Paulo; 2006. [Master's Degree Dissertation – School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo]. Objective. Compare the air quality outdoors with the indoors environment at Clinicas and Praca da Se Stations of the Sao Paulo Subway, measuring the quantity and quality of the existing microbiological and atmospheric contaminants. The purpose of this study is to promote the knowledge of factors related to the air quality and the health and hygiene conditions in these places, contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of employees and users of the system. Methods. The samples were taken from July to November 2005. The fungi were taken by one-stage Andersen impactor with aspiration volume of 28 l/min for a period of 10 minutes per sample, making use of Agar Sabouraud Dextrose at 4% for the culture. The quantification and identification are done by the analysis of slides with the microbiological material in an optical microscope, colored with lactofenol blue. For the nitrogen dioxide, a passive diffuser was used with triethanolamine as absorbing substance and the analysis was done by spectrophotometry, the passive diffuser used to evaluate the concentration of benzene is the membrane type with activated carbon as absorbing substance making use of gas chromatography analysis. The exposure period for these samplers was 30 days. The PM10 was measured with a continuous monitor, with direct reading. This equipment uses fibreoptic sensors for the identification of the size and concentration of the particles which are sucked by a diaphragm pump, passing through a measuring chamber which also measures the temperature and the air humidity. Two pieces of this equipment were installed in each station for a period of seven days. Results. The studies indicate the presence of ordinary fungi with the prevalence of Cladosporium sp (52%), Alternaria sp (17%) and Penicillium sp (13%) in similar proportions both indoors and outdoors. The indoor average concentration of NO2 was 69,5 g/m3. These values are similar to the outdoor