Avaliação da neutralização de importantes atividades tóxicas induzidas pelos principais peixes peçonhentos brasileiros por um soro poliespecífico produzido em murinos.

Abstract

BRUNI, F.M. Evaluation of the neutralization of important toxic activities induced by brazilian fish venoms by murine polyspecific antiserum. 2008. 107 f. Master thesis (Immunology) – Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2008. Envenoming induced by venomous fish represents a great cost Brazilian communities. Victims rapidly develop local symptoms as pain, swelling, and necrosis that persist for long days, and in some cases systemic effects are noted. The most frequent venomous fish founded on the Brazilian coast are Thalassophryne nattereri (niquim), Cathorops spixii (bagre), Scorpaena plumieri (peixe-escorpiao) and Potamotrygon gr orbygnyi (arraia). The anti-inflammatory drugs used (dexamethasone and indomethacin) are not efficient in reducing the clinical symptoms. After bits of venomous animals, the passive transfer of heterologous specific antibodies allows that immediate toxic effect can be neutralized in the victims. Recently, anti-venom for accidents caused by stonefish of the Indo-Pacific Ocean has been used. The aim of this work was to produce in mice polyspecific antivenom for neutralization of the main toxic effects induced by the Brazilian venomous fish. Independent groups of Swiss mice were immunized at days 0, 14, and 28 with 10 μg of each venom or at days 0 and 14 with 10 μg of each venom adsorbed in Al(OH)3. The animals were bled at days 35 or 28, respectively for monospecific antibody levels determination by ELISA. The polyspecific antiserum achieved by the addition of 1 mg of IgG from each monospecific antiserum was used for neutralizations assays for two methods of evaluation, for preincubation and independent injection (immediate and after 15 minutes). Initially, we observed a full recognition of all antigenic bands of the four venoms by polyspecific antiserum. The effects induced by all venoms in the microcirculation were abolished by the polyspecific antiserum, except for the effects caused by C. spixii in muscular fibers where was necessary a proportion of 1:2 for abolish the effect. The polyspecific antiserum controlled the edematogenic and nociceptive activities caused by all venoms, being more efficient in controlling the nociception induced by the P. gr orbygnyi venom and the airway inflammation induced by the S. plumieri venom. These data allow us to suggest the use of polyspecific antiserum in the treatment of the pathological effects provoked by the most frequent Brazilian venomous fish.