Abstract
Under certain weather conditions, avalanches can occur because of snow cover on a steep slope. Such avalanches can reach snow fences that are arranged as countermeasures. Furthermore, traffic is completely blocked when fences collapse and snow falls on a road. Therefore, prediction of avalanche occurrence is important, but such predictions are considered difficult. To resolve this difficulty, this study assessed measurement of the danger degree by measuring the risk to the avalanche fence at the time of snowfall and falling rock according to changes in the load and the impact of voltage proportional to the avalanche barrier deformation. This measurement system has fixed sensors attached with mounting brackets to a dedicated avalanche prevention measurement fence. It measures the pressure and vibration measurement of the snowfall at the time of avalanche or rock fall occurrence at the main structure of the fence. Furthermore, this fence made of lumber from thinned timber is useful as a defensive barrier countermeasure against avalanches and falling rock. It is designed to withstand a snow load of 3–5 [t / m<sup>2</sup>] during an avalanche.
Highlights
In Japan, especially in snowy areas of the Hokuriku and Tohoku districts, avalanche disasters have occurred continually since ancient times
As similar observation methods used for avalanches, a sheet-like material (MFC) obtained by processing lead titan ate zircon ate (PZT) ceramics into a fiber shape and sandwiched between films can be used
We considered that it would be desirable to install both large "fence" and "avalanche prevention" with inexpensive structures
Summary
In Japan, especially in snowy areas of the Hokuriku and Tohoku districts, avalanche disasters have occurred continually since ancient times. Avalanche prevention fences and avalanche prevention forest countermeasures are arranged on steep slopes that have undergone avalanches in the past and which present high risks near major arterial roads. Many places on steep slopes of coastal and mountain roads in our country require countermeasures against falling rock at limestone quarries that have used open-cut mining, crushed stone mining sites, and others. Estimates are based on the degree of risk related to snow removal on the slope and history of weather conditions and avalanches. As an avalanche warning system, some method must be used to detect avalanche occurrence related to cutting of a wire or stretching of a wire [2], in addition to weather data such as snow depth, snowfall rate, temperature, and monitoring systems for evaluating the avalanche risk through analysis [3]. Dynamics and Static Sensors sensors [4] [5], and image recognition systems are being implemented [6]
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