Abstract
Emerging of inter-vehicle communication gives vehicles opportunities to exchange information within limited radio ranges and self-organize in Ad Hoc manner into Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). However, due to strong mobility, limited market penetration rate, and lack of roadside units, connectivity is obviously a scarce resource in VANETs. Further, only depending on direct connectivity, i.e. one-hop connected links between vehicles, is far from the continuous growing communication demands in VANETs, such as inter-vehicle amusement, cooperative collision avoidance, inter-vehicle emergency notification etc. Therefore, the indirect connectivity from multi-hop forwarding and store-carry-forward strategy is also a necessary and powerful complement especially to the case where direct connections are hardly obtained. In this article, we define a new metric named available connectivity which involves both direct and indirect connectivity. By deep analyzing the statistical properties of direct and indirect connectivity in free flow state, the proposed available connectivity is obtained and quantified to increase the information dissemination opportunities for vehicles especially in a relatively slow topology changing scenario. Numerical results show that the available connectivity could provide better references for different VANETs applications and has potential relationships with many network parameters.
Highlights
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks [1] (VANETs) are distributed, self-organizing communication networks built up by moving vehicles, and are characterized by very strong node mobility and limited degrees of freedom in the mobility patterns
The discussed IEEE 1609 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments [2] draft is being developed for VANETs applications including mainly safety-related scenarios, such as Cooperative forward Collision Warning [3] (CCW) system, traffic signal violation warning [4], lane change warning [5] and some information applications [6]
In this article, a useful metric, i.e. available connectivity has been introduced in VANETs
Summary
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks [1] (VANETs) are distributed, self-organizing communication networks built up by moving vehicles, and are characterized by very strong node mobility and limited degrees of freedom in the mobility patterns. If large speed difference exists among the possible forwarders, there may be possibility that the original “message head” is replaced by the subsequent fast one Assuming these vehicles follow a Poisson arrival process with parameter λ and their velocities are I.I.D and follow normal distribution, to explore the underlying store-carry-forward opportunities, we analyze the movement feature of the message head. It shows that given an overall vehicles density ρ and velocities, the resulted τ1 is mainly influenced by the market penetration ratio a and a larger a could further reduce the needed duration for first transversal hop during the store-carry-forward procedure.
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