Availability of Genetic Services: Implementation and Policy Issues

Abstract

Data on the availability of genetic services are relatively scarce and suffer from several limitations. However, specific patterns of service delivery are observed in different countries. An analysis of the emerging patterns of organisation of services may help understand which factors influence the availability of genetic tests and services. The ability of each healthcare system to respond to an increasing demand for genetic tests and services will depend not only on the type of healthcare system and on its financial resources, but also on the organisation and structure of its genetic services. In particular, the strengths and weaknesses of the laboratory infrastructure and the clinical and counselling services, the networking of clinical geneticists and the responsibilities assumed by tertiary and primary care may determine the appropriate use of new diagnostics. Consideration of organisational issues is necessary to plan for the future provision and funding of clinical and laboratory genetic services. An additional concern in developing health policies for genetic services is the implementation of adequate oversight mechanisms.