Availability and stability of soluble fluoride content in commercial fluoride dentifrices available in Uruguay

Anunzziatta Fager Fabruccini,Licet Loureiro Alvarez,Lina Naomi Hashizume,Marisa Maltz

doi:10.1590/1981-863720200003620190088

Anunzziatta Fager Fabruccini, Licet Loureiro Alvarez + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720200003620190088

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability and stability of soluble fluoride fraction in commercial fluoride toothpastes available in Uruguay. Methods Fourteen fluoride toothpastes from four different manufacturers were analyzed. Randomized and blinded analyses were performed in duplicate for each dentifrice at the time of purchase (fresh samples) and after 12 months of storage at room temperature (aged samples). Total fluoride and total soluble fluoride concentrations were measured using a fluoride specific electrode. Results Total fluoride concentrations in all of the products were lower than the F levels specified by the manufacturers. Total soluble fluoride fractions were lower than the total fluoride concentrations in fresh samples of five toothpastes and in aged samples of ten toothpastes (p < 0.05). Three toothpastes had insufficient and unstable total soluble fluoride fractions (< 60%) and five toothpastes had only unstable total soluble fluoride fractions (<1000 ppm) after 12 months. Conclusion Based on theresults of this study, it can be concluded that from fourteen Uruguayan commercial fluoride toothpastes analyzed in this study, three toothpastes have insufficient and unstable chemically active F fractions and five other toothpastes have the lack of stability which may compromise their efficacies. Review the guidelines on fluoride dentifrices in Uruguay is necessary, in order to ensure optimum benefit for population.

Highlights

Despite a significant improvement in oral health within industrialized and some developing countries during the last decades, dental caries still remains as a major oral health problem, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups [1,2,3]
Systematic reviews have shown that the use of standard fluoride toothpastes containing 1000 - 1500 ppmF reduces the incidence of dental caries in permanent teeth by approximately 24 - 29% [4,5,6]
Total fluoride is the sum of total soluble fluoride (TSF) plus insoluble F (InsF) that is the F bound to the abrasive

Summary

Introduction

Despite a significant improvement in oral health within industrialized and some developing countries during the last decades, dental caries still remains as a major oral health problem, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups [1,2,3]. Efficient and widespread use of fluoride toothpastes continues to be a priority to improve worldwide oral health according World Health Organization [3]. Systematic reviews have shown that the use of standard fluoride toothpastes containing 1000 - 1500 ppmF reduces the incidence of dental caries in permanent teeth by approximately 24 - 29% [4,5,6]. The effect of fluoride toothpaste becomes significant only when fluoride is present at a concentration of 1000 ppm or more [6,7,8]. Fluoride toothpastes must contain an adequate and stable concentration of soluble fluoride, as ion F- or sodium monofluorophosphate ion in its formulation to control dental caries effectively [9,10]. Its bioavailability may decrease over time due to the undesirable reactions of the fluoride compound if the abrasive used is calcium based [11]

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