Abstract
The Future Circular Electron–Positron Collider (FCC-ee) is planned to be the world’s largest particle collider and a precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles. Achieving substantial physics results requires producing high amounts of integrated luminosity, which calls for sufficient machine availability. Although the operational availability of lepton colliders has been high, the increased complexity of the new infrastructure creates a challenge to maintain this. At the early stage of research, the main activity of an availability study should be to identify the causes that potentially have the most significant effect on downtime. This paper identifies critical systems of the FCC-ee based on available failure data. The paper further presents an operation model for the FCC-ee that can be used for assessing the effect of unavailability on overall performance. Special attention is given to systems with built-in redundancies as this design concept has been proven to increase accelerator availability.
Highlights
The Future Circular Electron–Positron Collider (FCC-ee) [1] is one of the options for the large particle collider to succeed the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN
In parallel to the FCC study, the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is designing the Circular Electron–Positron Collider (CEPC) that would later share its tunnel with a hadron collider [15]
This study presents how different designs of n+1 redundancy or the lack of redundancy affect the reliability of a system
Summary
The Future Circular Electron–Positron Collider (FCC-ee) [1] is one of the options for the large particle collider to succeed the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The FCC-ee will be the largest particle collider ever to exist It will be 100 km long and operate in a top-up mode where new beams are continuously injected into the collider. Reaching the luminosity production goals requires operating the machine with 75% efficiency for 185 days per operation year [3]. This number is formed by subtracting 5% from the 80% machine availability goal to take into account the required time for refilling the collider after a failure. These numbers are estimates that have been based on operation experience. They are studied first in the quantitative analysis, and their benefits are later shown in a small calculation case
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