Autumn Spawning and Other Reproductive Notes on Loach Minnow, a Threatened Cyprinid Fish of the American Southwest

Abstract

The loach minnow (Tiaroga cobitis Girard) is a small (<70 mm SL), darter-like, rare cyprinid fish endemic to the Gila River basin of Arizona and New Mexico and of Sonora, Mexico (Minckley, 1973, 1980). It is listed as threatened by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (1986) and endangered by the states of Arizona and New Mexico. Reasons for its decline are cited as habitat alteration and establishment of non-native