Auto-tumor lysis by blood lymphocytes in vitro. Strongly activated lymphocytes lack selectivity.

Abstract

Selectivity of the lysis of the tumor cells by autologous blood lymphocytes and its various subsets was investigated by means of the cold target competition assay. The effectors were autologous lymphocytes passed through a nylon-wool column (unfractionated: U) and their low- and high-density subsets, either without or after activation. The lymphocytes were activated (a) in autologous mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture in autologous (MLTC), (b) in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), without and with interleukin-2, for 6 days, or (c) by phytohaemagglutinin for 3 days. Autologous-lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (auto-tumor lysis: ALC) by the unfractionated, unmanipulated blood lymphocyte (U) population, its high-density fraction and those induced for auto-tumor lysis in the MLTC is regularly weak and affects only the autologous tumor cells. Their ALC function was inhibited only by the target identical unlabelled cells while the effect of separated low-density lymphocytes was inhibited also by allogeneic tumor cells. The cold-target competition assay indicated that several subsets with different specificities exist simultaneously in the effector populations activated in MLC, because the various targets did not cross-compete or did so only partially. Whenever interleukin-2 was added, at the start of the mixed cultures (MLTC or MLC), the lytic effects were no longer selective. Phytohaemagglutinin-activated effectors lysed several targets. These targets were inhibitory in a criss-cross fashion. Generally, populations showing auto-tumor selectivity had weak lytic effects, while the strongly activated effectors, with strong cytotoxic function, were not selective.