Autonomic Innervation Evaluation in Cardiac Disease

Adriana Xavier De Brito,Ana Inês Bronchtein,Adriana Glavam,Paulo Henrique Rosado-De-Castro

doi:10.36660/ijcs.20200171

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. In different cardiac diseases, the neuronal function of the heart is impaired. Nevertheless, the development of a simple method to assess the autonomic effects on the heart and/or autonomic dysfunction is a challenge. The evaluation of autonomic innervation in cardiac diseases has helped to improve the knowledge of the pathophysiology of these conditions, as well as to provide information on their prognosis. Single photon emission [...]

Highlights

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world
A total of 184 articles were selected according to the visual analysis of correlation with the topic studied between the years 1980 and 2020, after excluding duplicate articles
The results showed that the use of the pacemaker increased early and late 123I-MIBG uptakes

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are currently the only imaging methods that allow in vivo assessment of cardiac innervation. The majority of SPECT and PET radiotracers evaluate sympathetic neuronal integrity using presynaptic imaging agents that are either labeled as endogenous transmitters or analogues. Postsynaptic imaging agents have been developed to study sympathetic neuronal integrity, as well as tracers to investigate the parasympathetic nervous system. These methods may be used to analyze the innervation of the heart and allow for early detection of abnormalities caused by, for example, ischemia, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, cardiotoxicity, and arrhythmogenic disorders. This review provides an overview of cardiac innervation evaluation and their application in the assessment of heart disease

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