Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the autonomic cardiac modulation between professional volleyball players (VP) and recreational aerobically trained individuals (RAT). Methods: Twentyeight men were divided into two groups, (VP; n = 14) and (RAT; n = 14) and each group was subjected to a sub-maximal progressive ramp treadmill test. Cardiac cycle beat to beat (RR) intervals, was obtained through electrocardiogram recording with the test being stopped when the individual reached 85% of their maximum age-predicted heart rate (HR). The heart rate variables were calculated from ECG using MATLABbased algorithms. Results: At rest, RAT showed lower values of the mean value of RR interval, the root mean square successive difference of all RR intervals (r-MSSD), low frequency (LF) and total power spectral (TP) when compared to VP. No significant difference between groups was noted for high frequency (HF) and index LF/HF. After exercise, no significant differences were measured between groups. Mean values of VO2, VE/VO2, and VE showed no significant difference at rest and post effort. Conclusion: The variables such as frequency, intensity and volume may to interfere the autonomic cardiac modulation and possibly indicating a superior protection against exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias and lower risk of sudden cardiac deaths
Highlights
The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in time and frequency domains provides a noninvasive method to establishing the autonomic regulation of heart rate (HR), while identifying the variations between consecutive heart beats.[1,2,3] The electrocardiogram (ECG) is composed of three sections; the P wave, QRS wave and T wave
The measurement of breath rate can demonstrate a more effective relationship between breathing and modulation in HR. In comparing these two categories of individuals, volleyball players (VP) and recreationally aerobic trained individuals (RAT), this study aims to investigate if volleyball skills are relevant to improve cardiac autonomic control compared to recreational aerobically trained individuals
The results obtained in the present study related to the variables over time and frequency domain (TP and low frequency (LF)) was significantly higher in VP when compared to RAT
Summary
The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in time and frequency domains provides a noninvasive method to establishing the autonomic regulation of heart rate (HR), while identifying the variations between consecutive heart beats.[1,2,3] The electrocardiogram (ECG) is composed of three sections; the P wave, QRS wave and T wave. These waves represent the depolarization of the atria, depolarization of the ventricle and repolarization of the ventricle, respectively.
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