AutoMSNet: Multi-Source Spatio-Temporal Network via Automatic Neural Architecture Search for Traffic Flow Prediction

Abstract

Recently the research of traffic flow prediction with deep learning framework has be largely developed, whereas most current methods are still faced with the following shortcomings. For spatial feature extraction, studies have shown that both local and non-local correlations exist on traffic networks. Considering the temporal dependencies, short-term impending and longer periodic components are two most critical patterns of traffic data, which further provide different information for the prediction task. Furthermore, multi-source heterogeneous external data, which naturally holds semantic gap with traffic data, also have impact on traffic flow. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an AutoMSNet (Multi-Source Spatio-Temporal Network via Automatic neural architecture search). The AutoMSNet is composed of an encoder-decoder structure. The encoder takes neighboring data as inputs, while the decoder captures long-term periodic patterns. Thus, different functions of two temporal features are simultaneously extracted. Moreover, a neural architecture search space is designed for spatial feature extraction. Through architecture search technique, graph convolutions with different receptive fields are automatically selected and combined to form an optimal module structure. Therefore, both local and non-local spatial features can be adaptively captured. Besides, a meta learning feature fusion strategy is proposed to integrate external data, which can alleviate the semantic gap between different data sources. Extensive experiments on three real-world traffic datasets evaluate the superiority of the proposed model.