Automation of the implementation of spin-adapted open-shell coupled-cluster theories relying on the unitary group formalism

Abstract

A new implementation of the orthogonally spin-adapted open-shell (OS) coupled-cluster (CC) formalism that is based on the unitary group approach to many-electron correlation problem is described. Although the emphasis is on the so-called state specific single-reference but multiconfigurational OS CC approach, the developed algorithms as well as the actual codes are also amenable to multireference CC applications of the state-universal type. A special attention is given to simple OS doublets and OS singlet and triplet cases, the former being applicable to the ground states of radicals and the latter to the excited states of closed shell systems. The encoding of the underlying formalism is fully automated and is based on a convenient decomposition of the Hamiltonian into the effective zero-, one-, and two-orbital contributions as well as on the general strategy that focuses on the excitation operator driven evaluation of individual absolute, linear, quadratic, etc., coupled cluster coefficients, rather than on the standard molecular (spin) orbital driven algorithms. In this way unnecessary duplications are avoided and efficient codes are developed both for the general formula generation and final executable modules. A thorough testing of this procedure on a number of model cases is described and several illustrative applications at the ab initio level are provided.