Automation of Crude Oil Distillation in a Rectification Column

Abstract

In order to optimize the control system and reduce the impact on the environment, an automated control system has been developed for the technological process of primary oil refining in the distillation column. The tasks of installing process control tools, improving the reliability of the emergency protection system, expanding the functions of automatic and automated control and management, improving the quality of process control, and improving the quality of the analysis of the facility’s operation were solved. Brief theoretical information about the process of atmospheric distillation of oil with its single evaporation using a distillation column is given. An analysis of the thermal and material balance of the mass transfer process in the distillation column was made. Equations of dynamics and statics are obtained, which determine a number of features for the heat balance in the vapor phase. The technological mode of parameters of the mass transfer process has been developed. The composition and necessary information support of the oil refining control system have been determined. The processes of collecting and transmitting information from the flow, pressure and temperature transducers installed on the measuring lines of the metering units of the production site are described. Based on the optimization carried out, a SCADA system and a mnemonic diagram for controlling a distillation column in the Trace Mode 6 package were developed, which provides information output to the operator’s automated workplace.