Abstract
Most common occurrence of a short circuit is a consequence of a combined impact of various ignition sources – electrical sparking or monotonic alteration of resistance in contact joints – on the low–voltage network. An automatic system of monitoring and diagnostics of electrical wiring in case of an electrical sparking or monotonic alteration of the electrical contact resistance was developed. We suggest two ways of applying the elaborated system: the stationary and the mobile one. The system has two ways of applying: the stationary and the mobile one. It estimates permanently the level of fire safety of the power supply system and promptly form a signal for the abnormal electrical wiring power cut and a signal of its level of fire risk. In addition, the introduced system can serve as a subsystem for providing a controlled level of fire safety in the “Smart house” or “Smart Grid” systems.
Highlights
Up to 1.5 million fires occur yearly worldwide in facilities related to human vital activity [1], nearly 30 per cent of them take place due to emergency implications of electric current in electric wiring [2]
As most the electrical wiring is insulated, the short circuit appearance requires preliminary insulation breakdown, which can be caused by action of electrical sparking, warming or monotonic alteration of electrical contact resistance
– Level 2 – electrical sparking or monotonic alteration of contact resistance exists in the contact for 5 seconds with a pause, which allows one to dissipate the produced heat into the environment;
Summary
Up to 1.5 million fires occur yearly worldwide in facilities related to human vital activity [1], nearly 30 per cent of them take place due to emergency implications of electric current in electric wiring [2]. The methods of determining the impedance of the wiring, suggested in works [10], [11], enable one to estimate the ohmic resistance value of the wiring in terms of nominal and emergency exploitation (due to the alteration of the electrical contact resistance) with a subsequent comparison of the obtained results. Though these methods are attractive, they do not always give adequate convergence of the results of experiments and simulations, as modern electrical loads can change their input impedance in operation. The principles and approaches outlined in mentioned works allow one to develop an automatic system of monitoring and diagnostics of sparking in contact joints of electrical wiring
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