Abstract
Spraying fruit trees with orchard sprayers cause some limitations, as well as problems such as wasting the drugs by spraying spaces among the trees, especially in some cases where the distance among the trees are high. Accordingly, overmuch drugs are used, and harmful substances are added to the soil. Moreover, pesticide ruins that pass from the soil cause health problems. Consequently, production costs increase and correspondingly, efficiency decreases. In this experimental study, ultrasonic sensors are placed on the right and left surfaces of the machine facing the tree. The pesticides are sprayed as long as an object is detected within a certain distance with the help of these sensors. Spraying is automatically stopped when the object is not detected. The developed system consists of an electronic control unit, solenoid valves and ultrasonic sensors, controlled by a microcontroller. High rates of savings are achieved in pesticide consumption and the addition of harmful substances to the soil is prevented thanks to this automatic control system. Solid structure enables practical mounting on existing manually controlled sprayers.
Highlights
An increase in the world population triggers the rise of needs to meet the demands in agricultural production
The use of pesticides is inevitable for high efficiency in agricultural production [1]
After passing through the filter, the pesticide is transferred to the pump, which is powered by the tail shaft and provides the necessary pressure for the spraying process
Summary
An increase in the world population triggers the rise of needs to meet the demands in agricultural production. Jeon et al developed a real-time, variable speed sprayer that automatically adjusts spray outputs according to the canopy size using ultrasonic sensors at 20 Hz detection frequency and the proportional solenoid valve [8, 14]. Moltó et al used three ultrasonic sensors to determine geometric properties in citrus fruit trees This application allowed the spraying to be applied at three different flow rates according to a canopy width measurement with an ultrasonic sensor [18]. An economical and versatile electronic control system that provides automatic control of the orchard sprayers has been developed to prevent pesticide residues from falling into the soil Thanks to this control system, the cost of spraying decreases, efficiency, and quality increases. It provides a great economic advantage with a reasonable price, and overcome the issues caused by the hardware crowd
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