Automatic Indoor Air Quality Control of COVID -19 Patient Facilities Using Type-2 Fuzzy Controller

Abstract

Big facilities can be used to set up cohort wards for severe and critical COVID-19 patients. The purpose of carbon dioxide and humidity control is to provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it. In this paper, for proper mechanical ventilation to maintain indoor air quality (IAQ), a Self-tuned Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PI controller (SIT2FPIC) is proposed. 49 fuzzy if-then rules are used to tune the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PI controller (IT2FPIC) for proper functioning and to reduce the parameter variations. Correlations of CO2 concentration and air humidity are studied to maintain the air quality in COVID-19 facilities. Mathematical models of CO2 concentration and air humidity in hospitals or temporary COVID-19 facilities are developed considering the presence of COVID-19 patients, doctors, nurses, etc in the room. The control and monitoring of room air quality are very much essential for any infectious diseases like coronavirus. To maintain the air quality in terms of humidity and carbon dioxide, the proposed SIT2FPIC is applied to the mathematical model of humidity and carbon dioxide for the simulation study. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in mechanical ventilation in the treatment facilities is shown by a comparative study of different transient parameters. Effects of load variations in the model are also studied to check the usefulness of the proposed scheme.