Abstract
Extracting damage information of buildings after an earthquake is crucial for emergency rescue and loss assessment. Low-altitude remote sensing by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for emergency rescue has unique advantages. In this study, we establish a remote sensing information-extraction method that combines ultramicro oblique UAV and infrared thermal imaging technology to automatically detect the structural damage of buildings and cracks in external walls. The method consists of four parts: (1) 3D live-action modeling and building structure analysis based on ultramicro oblique images; (2) extraction of damage information of buildings; (3) detection of cracks in walls based on infrared thermal imaging; and (4) integration of detection systems for information of earthquake-damaged buildings. First, a 3D live-action building model is constructed. A multi-view structure image for segmentation can be obtained based on this method. Second, a method of extracting information on damage to building structures using a 3D live-action building model as the geographic reference is proposed. Damage information of the internal structure of the building can be obtained based on this method. Third, based on analyzing the temperature field distribution on the exterior walls of earthquake-damaged buildings, an automatic method of detecting cracks in the walls by using infrared thermal imaging is proposed. Finally, the damage information detection and assessment system is researched and developed, and the system is integrated. Taking earthquake search-and-rescue simulation as an example, the effectiveness of this method is verified. The damage distribution in the internal structure and external walls of buildings in this area is obtained with an accuracy of 78%.
Highlights
Over the past decade, earthquakes have occurred frequently in the world, resulting in great loss of human life and property
In the past years, extracting damage information was based on traditional single angle remote sensing imaging, especiallyy when there was a lot of structural damage and damaged buildings in severely affffected disaster areas, and walls produced a large number of cracks, which could not be effffectively detected
Oblique photography, equipped with multiple sensors on the same unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flight platform, can be used for multi-angle stereo imaging, which is conducive to structural detection of post-disaster buildings, as it can truly reflect the actual collapse situations of buildings
Summary
Earthquakes have occurred frequently in the world, resulting in great loss of human life and property. In the past years, extracting damage information was based on traditional single angle remote sensing imaging, especiallyy when there was a lot of structural damage and damaged buildings in severely affffected disaster areas, and walls produced a large number of cracks, which could not be effffectively detected. This situation cannot guarantee an effffective emergency rescue, and poses a certain threat to the safety of rescue efffforts, pointing out the need for a tthhrree-dimensional observation of damaged buildings. WWiitthh aa vviieeww towarrd efffificiently carrying out post-earthquake rescue, loss assessment, and reconstruction, this paper analyzes the defificiency of conventional remote sensing technolooggyy,,ccoonnsstrturucctstsaathtrheree-ed-idmimenesniosnioanlaslpsapceacsecesncaernioarwioitwh iatchcuarcactuerlaotcealtoiocnatiinofnorimnfaotrimona,taionnd, uasneds aunseisnfarnareindfnraorneddesntoruncdteivsteruthcetirvmealthimeramgaelteimstianggetetechstninoglogteycthondoelotegcyt tthoe ddeetteaciltstohfewdaelltadialsmoafgew. all damage
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