Abstract
Nowadays, for numerous reasons, smart farming systems focus on the use of image processing technologies and 5G communications. In this paper, we propose a tracking system for individual cows using an ear tag visual analysis. By using ear tags, the farmers can track specific data for individual cows such as body condition score, genetic abnormalities, etc. Specifically, a four-digit identification number is used, so that a farm can accommodate up to 9999 cows. In our proposed system, we develop an individual cow tracker to provide effective management with real-time upgrading enforcement. For this purpose, head detection is first carried out to determine the cow’s position in its related camera view. The head detection process incorporates an object detector called You Only Look Once (YOLO) and is then followed by ear tag detection. The steps involved in ear tag recognition are (1) finding the four-digit area, (2) digit segmentation using an image processing technique, and (3) ear tag recognition using a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier. Finally, a location searching system for an individual cow is established by entering the ID numbers through the application’s user interface. The proposed searching system was confirmed by performing real-time experiments at a feeding station on a farm at Hokkaido prefecture, Japan. In combination with our decision-making process, the proposed system achieved an accuracy of 100% for head detection, and 92.5% for ear tag digit recognition. The results of using our system are very promising in terms of effectiveness.
Highlights
Smart dairy farming emerged from the concept of Precision Agriculture, in which IoT technologies and artificial intelligence analysis are put to efficient use
We propose an individual cow identification system involved in monitoring each individual cow
The convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is specified in the first hidden layer, using 16 convolutional filters with a 5 × 5 filter size followed by a batch normalization layer and a rectified linear unit (ReLU) layer
Summary
Smart dairy farming emerged from the concept of Precision Agriculture, in which IoT technologies and artificial intelligence analysis are put to efficient use. This ID number is composed of the responsible organization in a country (NLBC in Japan), This ID number is composed of the responsible organization in a country (NLBC in Japan), the the country code (JP), and the complete unique life number 16018 9955 0, in digits and as a barcode. Some other organizations link this unique number to an electronic number. The principle behind electronically readable RFID tags is the same as that used for RFID in other official identification and registration schemes. Researchers have been combining computer vision techniques with machine learning, achieving much success in many areas. We propose an individual cow using ear tags, expecting that this system will make important contributions to the implementation of identification system using ear tags, expecting that this system will make important contributions to precision dairy farming.
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