Abstract
Rate of survival without any neurological consequence after cardiac arrest is driven not only by early recognition but also by high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Because the effectiveness of the manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation is usually impaired by rescuers’ fatigue, devices have been devised to improve it by appliances or ergonomic solutions. However, some devices are thought to replace the manual resuscitation altogether, either mimicking its action or generating hemodynamic effects with working principles which are entirely different. This article reviews such devices, both manual and automatic. They are mainly classified by actuation method, applied force, working space, and positioning time. Most of the trials and meta-analyses have not demonstrated that chest compressions given with automatic devices are more effective than those given manually. However, advances in clinical research and technology, with an improved understanding of the organizational implications of their use, are constantly improving the effectiveness of such devices.
Highlights
Cardiac arrest is a sudden diminution of heart activity which impairs the effective pumping of blood
The study is based on simulations performed on a human circulation hardware model, it demonstrates that the effect of chest compressions can be controlled to some extent
This article has presented a review of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) devices
Summary
Cardiac arrest is a sudden diminution of heart activity which impairs the effective pumping of blood. The findings showed that 30-day survival was similar in the two groups: 6% LUCAS versus 7% manual All these studies showed that chest compression delivered by automatic devices is as effective as that delivered by high-quality manual CPR, but metaanalyses and reviews did not find sufficient evidence that mechanical devices are so beneficial to recommend their widespread use. Gassler et al.[76] obtained similar results in a simulation study which compared the quality of manual CPR to the quality of CPR delivered by three mechanical devices, two automated (LUCAS and AutoPulse), and one manual (Animax mono) They considered that the automated devices should be especially useful during the rescue of casualties in military operations, because helicopters operate in hostile areas where the threat posed to them makes impossible to treat the patient during the flight. Gates et al.[34] came to the same conclusion
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