Abstract
Computers and related machines employ devices such as switches, electron tubes, transistors, magnetic cores, magnetic tape, and so on to do their work of storing, processing, and computing numbers. Since a switch is either open or closed, a tube or transistor is either conducting electricity or not conducting electricity, and a magnetic core or a spot on a magnetic tape is magnetized either “positively” or “negatively,” that is, since one of two opposite conditions is always present, it is natural that the internal operation of such machines should be based on the binary number system, which counts by twos. One of the two conditions is used to represent the number 1, the other to represent the number 0.
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